Diff-explainer: Differentiable Convex Optimization For Explainable Multi-hop Inference

Thayaparan Mokanarangan, Valentino Marco, Ferreira Deborah, Rozanova Julia, Freitas André. Arxiv 2021

[Paper]    
Applications Efficiency And Optimization Fine Tuning Interpretability And Explainability Model Architecture Pretraining Methods Reinforcement Learning Tools Training Techniques Transformer

This paper presents Diff-Explainer, the first hybrid framework for explainable multi-hop inference that integrates explicit constraints with neural architectures through differentiable convex optimization. Specifically, Diff-Explainer allows for the fine-tuning of neural representations within a constrained optimization framework to answer and explain multi-hop questions in natural language. To demonstrate the efficacy of the hybrid framework, we combine existing ILP-based solvers for multi-hop Question Answering (QA) with Transformer-based representations. An extensive empirical evaluation on scientific and commonsense QA tasks demonstrates that the integration of explicit constraints in an end-to-end differentiable framework can significantly improve the performance of non-differentiable ILP solvers (8.91%

• 13.3%). Moreover, additional analysis reveals that Diff-Explainer is able to achieve strong performance when compared to standalone Transformers and previous multi-hop approaches while still providing structured explanations in support of its predictions.

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