Attention-likelihood Relationship In Transformers

Ruscio Valeria, Maiorca Valentino, Silvestri Fabrizio. Arxiv 2023

[Paper] [Code]    
Attention Mechanism Has Code Model Architecture Pretraining Methods Reinforcement Learning Security Transformer

We analyze how large language models (LLMs) represent out-of-context words, investigating their reliance on the given context to capture their semantics. Our likelihood-guided text perturbations reveal a correlation between token likelihood and attention values in transformer-based language models. Extensive experiments reveal that unexpected tokens cause the model to attend less to the information coming from themselves to compute their representations, particularly at higher layers. These findings have valuable implications for assessing the robustness of LLMs in real-world scenarios. Fully reproducible codebase at https://github.com/Flegyas/AttentionLikelihood.

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