Textbooks Are All You Need II: Phi-1.5 Technical Report

Li Yuanzhi, Bubeck Sébastien, Eldan Ronen, Del Giorno Allie, Gunasekar Suriya, Lee Yin Tat. Arxiv 2023

[Paper]    
Ethics And Bias In Context Learning Model Architecture Pretraining Methods Prompting RAG Transformer

We continue the investigation into the power of smaller Transformer-based language models as initiated by \textbf{TinyStories} – a 10 million parameter model that can produce coherent English – and the follow-up work on \textbf{phi-1}, a 1.3 billion parameter model with Python coding performance close to the state-of-the-art. The latter work proposed to use existing Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate textbook quality" data as a way to enhance the learning process compared to traditional web data. We follow the Textbooks Are All You Need” approach, focusing this time on common sense reasoning in natural language, and create a new 1.3 billion parameter model named \textbf{phi-1.5}, with performance on natural language tasks comparable to models 5x larger, and surpassing most non-frontier LLMs on more complex reasoning tasks such as grade-school mathematics and basic coding. More generally, \textbf{phi-1.5} exhibits many of the traits of much larger LLMs, both good – such as the ability to ``think step by step” or perform some rudimentary in-context learning – and bad, including hallucinations and the potential for toxic and biased generations – encouragingly though, we are seeing improvement on that front thanks to the absence of web data. We open-source \textbf{phi-1.5} to promote further research on these urgent topics.

Similar Work